The Distinct Traits and Responsibilities of a Merchant in Islamic Sharia

Abstract

In legal terms, trade refers to the continuous purchase and sale of
movable goods with the intent of earning profit as a profession.
According to Islamic Sharia and statutory law, every individual holds
the right to engage in trade; however, this right is conditional and
bounded by ethical and religious guidelines. Trade is recognized as an
honorable profession, and when conducted in accordance with the
principles of Islamic Sharia, it is highly esteemed, being considered a
source of both worldly sustenance and spiritual reward.
This study, conducted through a library-based and descriptive research
methodology, seeks to identify the specific qualities and responsibilities
that Islamic Sharia prescribes for merchants. It emphasizes the
significance of adhering to these responsibilities in order to ensure the
integrity and stability of the commercial system within an Islamic
framework. The findings clearly outline the traits and obligations
expected of a merchant, including sincerity of intention, recitation of
recommended supplications upon entering the market, kindness and
ethical conduct, honesty, trustworthiness, fulfillment of commitments,
fairness in weights and measures, acceptance of returned goods in
genuine cases, avoidance of fraud and deceit, refraining from false
oaths, abstaining from hoarding, and full disclosure of product defects.
Adherence to these responsibilities not only nurtures a sound and
trustworthy trading environment but also contributes to the growth and
sustainability of the Islamic economic system.