Exploring the Effectiveness of Applying Communicative Language Teaching Approach in EFL Classroom

Abstract

Throughout the history of foreign language instruction, various methods and approaches have been introduced, with Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) becoming one of the most influential in modern EFL contexts. This review explores the effectiveness of applying the CLT approach in EFL classrooms. Using library-based descriptive qualitative method, data were gathered from an annotated bibliography of related studies. Findings show that successful foreign language learning depends significantly on opportunities to use target language in real-life situations. CLT strengthens learners’ communicative competence and overall proficiency by emphasizing authentic interaction and natural language use, leading to increased motivation, autonomy, and real-world communication skills. Although CLT encourages extensive target-language use, the strategic inclusion of learners’ mother tongue particularly for grammar explanations at early stages can enhance understanding in EFL contexts. The review also highlights future research needs like teachers’ and students’ perceptions of CLT and comparing traditional and modern methods in Afghan EFL classrooms.