(The Relationship Between the Lack of Economic Opportunities and the Cultivation of Narcotic Crops in Rural Areas.)

Abstract

This study investigates the factors influencing narcotic cultivation in Kandahar Province, focusing on economic opportunities, labor market access, agricultural alternatives, and government policy effectiveness. Due to ongoing economic hardship, narcotic crop cultivation persists because of its high profitability, contributing to health risks and social instability. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 300 participants in Maiwand, Zharai, and Dand districts through stratified random sampling and structured questionnaires. Statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between limited economic opportunities and narcotic cultivation. Regression results show that a one-unit decrease in labor market access increases cultivation by 0.323 units, while reduced agricultural alternatives and weak government policies raise it by 0.35 and 0.299 units, respectively. The study recommends expanding employment, promoting sustainable agriculture, strengthening policies, and improving data systems to support effective reduction and sustainable development.